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Description
Introduction to Logic: And to the Methodology of Deductive SciencesFirst published in Polish in 1936, this classic work was originally written as a popular scientific book one that would present to the educated lay reader a clear picture of certain powerful trends of thought in modern logic. According to the author, these trends sought to create a unified conceptual apparatus as a common basis for the whole of human knowledge. Because these new developments in logical thought tended to perfect and sharpen the
First published in Polish in 1936, this classic work was originally written as a popular scientific book -- one that would present to the educated lay reader a clear picture of certain powerful trends of thought in modern logic. According to the author, these trends sought to create a unified conceptual apparatus as a common basis for the whole of human knowledge.Because these new developments in logical thought tended to perfect and sharpen the deductive method, an indispensable tool in many fields for deriving conclusions from accepted assumptions, the author decided to widen the scope of the work. In subsequent editions he revised the book to make it also a text on which to base an elementary college course in logic and the methodology of deductive sciences. It is this revised edition that is reprinted here.
Part One deals with elements of logic and the deductive method, including the use of variables, sentential calculus, theory of identity, theory of classes, theory of relations and the deductive method. The Second Part covers applications of logic and methodology in constructing mathematical theories, including laws of order for numbers, laws of addition and subtraction, methodological considerations on the constructed theory, foundations of arithmetic of real numbers, and more. The author has provided numerous exercises to help students assimilate the material, which not only provides a stimulating and thought-provoking introduction to the fundamentals of logical thought, but is the perfect adjunct to courses in logic and the foundation of mathematics.
Binding Type: Paperback
Publisher: Dover Publications
Published: 03/27/1995
ISBN: 9780486284620
Pages: 272
Weight: 0.64lbs
Size: 8.44h x 5.43w x 0.53d
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4.9 ★★★★★
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Product Reviews
★★★★★ 4
Works well!
Scent Name: Berry, Size: 40 Count (Pack of 1)
Nice flavor. They don’t melt real fast like the ACT I’ve been using. They are smaller than I thought and I didn’t think they would last as long as they do. Keeping my mouth/throat moist as they said. I like the way they stick to your mouth and you don’t have to worry about swolling accidentally!
WAS THIS REVIEW HELPFUL?YesReportShare
Reviewed in the United States on February 27, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Berry flavor Xylimelts are the best for dry mouth
Scent Name: Berry, Size: 40 Count (Pack of 1)
Not as strong a flavor as mints. Berry flavor is the best. I take one per night. Does the job.
WAS THIS REVIEW HELPFUL?YesReportShare
Reviewed in the United States on February 27, 2026
★★★★★ 1
Terrible.
Scent Name: Berry, Size: 40 Count (Pack of 1)
These do not work at all.. I used two at night and they just dissolve and my mouth is still super dry. I tried one during the day just to see and they do not help you salivate at all really. Definitely would recommend trying something else.
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Reviewed in the United States on April 26, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Xylimelts
Scent Name: Berry, Size: 40 Count (Pack of 1)
"Xylimelts - I have dry mouth from what I thought was a new medication. I stopped the medication about two weeks ago and it has not improved. I am continuing to use these until I follow up with my doctor. At first I tried these using one disk and it did not seem to work. I tried them again using two and it works a lot better. So, I now use these two disks at a time. If I use them at night, they seem to last about 4 hours. If i use them during the day, they last about 30 minutes. The effects do not last all that long during the day but I do also use Act lemon lozenges. The package says that you can put them on the gums but I put them on the roof of my mouth. I have had no issues getting any of them to stick.
Flavors - At my local stores the only flavor is mint. It is way too strong. Using the mint ones would irritate my mouth after a while. Unfortunately, that seems to be the only flavor that most dry mouth products are.....mint. So my quest began to locate products that are not mint. I found these here on Amazon. They come in multiple flavors. Here is my breakdown of the flavors and my thoughts on each.
Mild mint (4*) - Better than the regular mint but still mint. It is as described and the mint is not as strong.
Slightly Sweet (5*) - Probably my favorite alternative to the mint. They are exactly as described. The have a slightly sweet flavor. It is not overwhelming.
Berry (5*) - This was a nice change. It again is a slight berry flavor. Not overpowering or overwhelming.
Cinnamon (1*) - This is probably my least favorite. The flavor was ok (it tastes like a very mild fireball) but it didn't seem to lubricate very much and after it was gone it felt like my mouth was drier than before.
Orange (4*) - It has a pleasant orange flavor.
Sensitive/unflavored - I have not tried this one yet. I probably will not. The reviews of the change in adhesive makes me leary to try it."
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Reviewed in the United States on September 2, 2025
★★★★★ 3
Mostly works, but..........
I use these at night for sleeping with a CPAP. I am a mouth breather, so my CPAP mask is a full face mask, thus there is constant airflow going into my mouth all night long. While these tablets do help with reducing dry mouth, they only last about 4-5 hrs before they fully dissolve - which does not get me through a full night of sleep. Using two tablets instead of one only gives me roughly one additional hour. If you wear a CPAP mask, you also need to be careful of exactly where you place the tablets, because it will be quite uncomfortable if you mask ends up pressing on the tablet. If the tablet does not adhere well upon initial placement, you pretty much need to fully dry the tablet before re-attempting placement. If the brown side is already wet when you place it against your gums, there is a much higher chance of it just sliding off, instead of sticking. Overall, while not completely eliminating the issue, they do at least reduce the dry mouth problem during sleep.
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Reviewed in the United States on January 21, 2025
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